锌指蛋白(Zinc Finger Proteins, ZFPs)是人体内最大的转录因子家族,通过其特有的锌指结构域来调控基因表达,在细胞分裂周期调控、形态功能转化、程序性死亡以及物质能量转换等基础生命活动中发挥重要作用。近年来,研究发现,多种锌指蛋白在消化道肿瘤(如胃癌、结直肠癌、肝癌等)的发生、发展及耐药性中发挥关键作用。本文综述了锌指蛋白的结构与功能分类、在消化道肿瘤中的分子机制及其临床转化潜力,以期为靶向治疗和诊断标志物的开发提供理论依据。Zinc finger proteins (ZFPs) are the largest family of transcription factors in the human body, which regulate gene expression through their unique zinc finger domains and participate in various biological processes such as cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and metabolism. In recent years, studies have found that a variety of zinc finger proteins play a key role in the occurrence, development and drug resistance of gastrointestinal tumors (such as gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, liver cancer, etc.). This article reviews the structural and functional classification of zinc finger proteins, their molecular mechanisms in gastrointestinal tumors, and their potential for clinical translation, in order to provide a theoretical basis for the development of targeted therapies and diagnostic markers.
