掌握黄河入海泥沙输运、沉积的规律可以为渤海沿岸经济发展的规划及环境保护管理提供理论参考。本文基于FVCOM(Finite-Volume Community Ocean Model)建立了三维水动力、泥沙耦合数值模式,利用实测水位、海流和悬沙资料,对模式进行了检验,模拟结果与观测符合较好。利用该模式研究了2007年夏季丰水丰沙期黄河入海泥沙的输运过程,并对渤海悬沙空间分布特征进行数值模拟。模式较好地再现了夏季黄河口入海泥沙的空间分布特征及底部冲淤状况。结合黄河口附近的潮流和余流特征,对悬沙分布特征和底部冲淤结果进行了分析,结果表明:黄河入海泥沙随余流向南和东南方向输运到莱州湾,在莱州湾中部向外海扩散,很可能沿东北方向进入渤海中部。在这个输运过程中,莱州湾表现为入海泥沙向外海扩散的通道。
This paper have collected the measured tides and certain tidal current data in different stages of many projects during past three to five years near the Aojiang River. The harmonic method is used to analyze tide and tidal current data observed at five stations in the sea adjacent to Aojiang River. The results show that the tide is mainly regular and semidiumal in the sea near Aojiang of Wenzhou. The tidal amplitudes of M2 constituent are between 170 cm - 193 cm and the lags are between 260~ - 280~, According to the comparison of analytical results of harmonic constants of these stations in 2007, 2010 and 2011, the maximum change of tidal amplitudes and phase-lag range for the main semidiurnal tides （M2, $2, N2）, the diurnal tide （K1, O1） and the shallow water tide （M4, MS4, M6） are 1.8 cm - 4.4 cm and 3~ - 7~, respectively. After analyzing the tide and tidal current characteristics of Aojiang River, this paper uses an unstructured grid and Finite-Volume Coastal Ocean Model （FVCOM） to test the results of simulation. The simulated results agree well with the measured data. The new shoreline and depth which are produced by the construction projects closed in important major years, and the tide and tidal current field for the new shoreline and depth are constructed, which describe the superimposed influences of construction engineering in Aojiang estuary.
