多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)是严重困扰女性的生理与心理的生殖内分泌疾病。其病机复杂,中医证型多样,以痰湿证与肾虚证为主要证型。众多医家认为肾虚是PCOS发生发展的基本病机。文章围绕PCOS肾虚证的病机、证型分布、临床表现及中医治疗概述其中医证治研究进展,以期为PCOS临床诊疗提供参考。Polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS) is a reproductive endocrine disease that seriously bothers women’s health from physiology and psychology. PCOS has complex pathogenesis and many kinds of traditional Chinese medicine syndrome differentiations in which phlegm-dampness and kidney-deficiency as the main types. Many traditional Chinese medical scholars believe that kidney deficiency is the basic pathogenesis of PCOS. This article summarized the research progress of kidney-deficiency in PCOS, based on the pathogenesis, syndrome distribution, clinical symptoms, and traditional Chinese medicine treatments, to provide a reference for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of PCOS.