[Objective] The aim was to explore scientific application of N fertilizer for summer maize species.[Method] A test was designed to research effects of N quantities on Zhengdan No.958,Xundan No.20,Nonghua No.101 and Xianyu No.335 in terms of yield,economic benefits,accumulated nitrogen and use efficiency of N fertilizer.[Result] The increase of N fertilizer improved yields of summer maize dramatically.Specifically,with low N quantity,yield and net revenue of Zhengdan No.958 reached 18.19% and 3 158 yuan/hm^2,respectively,and yields and net revenues of Jundan No.20,Nonghua No.101 and Xianyu No.335 were 17.31% and 2 642 yuan/hm^2,25.03% and 3 726 yuan/hm^2,17.41% and 3 182 yuan/hm^2,accordingly.With N quantity increased,agricultural efficiency of Zhengdan No.958 reduced significantly and the agricultural efficiencies showed little differences among Xundan No.20,Nonghua No.101 and Xianyu No.335.[Conclusion] In practice,Zhengdan No.958 is suitable to be applied with N at low quantity,and Xundan No.20,Nonghua No.101 and Xianyu No.335 are suitable to be applied with N at high quantity.
为实现潮土区夏玉米科学施肥,通过2年田间试验研究了玉米养分专家系统推荐施肥对夏玉米产量、收益、养分积累量及肥料利用效率的影响。结果表明,沙壤质潮土夏玉米施肥两年增产6.55%～39.32%和5.53%～21.19%,玉米养分专家系统和Agro Services International Inc推荐施肥较农户习惯施肥分别增产4.06%和5.04%,增收21.90%和27.44%。基于玉米养分专家系统推荐施肥的氮、磷、钾肥农学效率分别为11.46、25.89和9.93 kg kg–1,氮、磷、钾肥料利用率分别为41.13%、31.48%和50.35%,化肥偏生产力平均为36.62 kg kg–1。玉米养分专家系统推荐施肥提高了沙壤质潮土区夏玉米叶片叶绿素含量,促进了氮磷钾的吸收利用,增加了干物质积累量,具有增产增收效应,肥料利用效率较高,可作为该地区夏玉米推荐施肥方法推广应用。
