法律语言的专业语言属性不仅体现在其特有的语言表达和语体特征方面,而且反映在其独有的意义生成方式上。研究法律语言的语义不仅旨在明晰法律条款的内容要素,而且关乎法律的适用条件,有助于理解和促进法律的正确实施与公正裁判。以法律事实与法律规范相对应的法律适用活动为视角,结合法律文本、法律人和法律语境三要素探讨法律语言的意义生成方式,可以发现人们对法律语义的认识发生了从基于概念分析到转向语用主体再到凸显主体间建构的观念演变历程,并总体上显示出从基于文本到面向实践的语义转化。The professional linguistic features of legal language are not only reflected in its unique language expression and register, but also in its unique way of generating meaning. The study of legal language semantics is aimed not only at clarifying the content elements of legal provisions, but also at reflecting the conditions for the application of law and helping to understand and promote the correct implementation and impartial adjudication of law. By taking the legal application activities that correspond to legal facts and legal norms as the perspective, combining the three elements of legal texts, legal practitioners, and legal contexts to discuss the ways of generating legal language meaning, one can find that people’s understanding of legal semantics has undergone a conceptual analysis-oriented evolution to a shift towards pragmatic subjects and then to a highlighting of intersubjective construction. Overall, it has achieved a semantic transformation from text-based to practice-oriented.
