目的:探讨PBL、CBL教学法结合导师制在住院医师规范化培训中的效果。方法:选择在佳木斯大学附属第一医院参加住院医师规范化的2014、2015级住院医师规范化培训的社会培训人员及在读硕士研究生40人作为研究对象,分为两组,实验组采用定期开展针对以问题为基础(problem-based learning,PBL)的PBL教学法、CBL(Case Study Based Learning,CBL)教学法。对照组采用传统的LBL(Lecture-Based Learning)教学方法,3月后评价培训效果。结果:实验组与对照组出科考核成绩相比优势明显,问卷调查满意度更高,差异具有统计学意义。结论:PBL、CBL教学法结合导师制,对于提高泌尿外科住院规培医师整体素质及人才质量具有重要的推动作用。
随着泌尿外科技术的不断发展,输尿管支架在良性和恶性泌尿系统疾病治疗中的应用日益广泛。然而,留置输尿管支架所引发的并发症问题一直备受关注。目前输尿管支架常见的并发症包括感染、疼痛、置管后不适、支架移位或失效以及皮壳形成等,这些症状严重影响了患者的日常生活质量。为了预防这些并发症的发生,本文对输尿管支架的适应症、相关并发症和防治方法进行综述,为临床降低泌尿外科留置输尿管支架并发症发生率提供参考方法。With the continuous development of urology technology, the application of ureteral stents in the treatment of benign and malignant urinary system diseases is becoming increasingly widespread. However, the issue of complications caused by indwelling ureteral stents has always been a concern. At present, common complications of ureteral stents include infection, pain, discomfort after catheterization, stent displacement or failure, and skin shell formation, which seriously affect the daily quality of life of patients. In order to prevent the occurrence of these complications, this article reviews the indications, related complications, and prevention and treatment methods of ureteral stents, providing reference methods for reducing the incidence of complications of indwelling ureteral stents in urology in clinical practice.
