目的:探讨3~6月龄早产儿铁缺乏(iron deficiency, ID)状况及影响因素。方法:利用互联网 + 早产儿智慧随访数据库,收集2018年8月~2023年11月有铁蛋白数据的1521例3~6月龄早产儿临床资料,血清铁蛋白浓度 Objective: To explore the status and risk factors of iron deficiency (ID) in preterm infants aged 3~6 months. Methods: Using the Internet + Preterm Infant Smart Follow-up Database, clinical data were collected from 1521 preterm infants aged 3~6 months with serum ferritin data from August 2018 to November 2023. Serum ferritin concentration < 12 µg/L was diagnosed as ID. The incidence of iron deficiency in preterm infants of varying gestational ages is examined. Risk factors of ID were investigated by using univariate and logistic regression analysis. Results: The incidence of ID in preterm infants aged 3~6 months was 14.40% (219/1521), The incidence of ID in early, middle and late preterm infants was 12.37% (35/283), 19.64% (54/275) and 13.50% (130/963) respectively. The proportions of males, moderately preterm infants, and exclusive breastfeeding were higher in the ID group than in the control group (all P < 0.05). The proportions of first birth, iron supplementation, and vitamin D supplementation were lower than those in the control group (all P< 0.05). Hemoglobin levels before discharge in the neonatal period in the ID group were lower than in the control group (P < 0.05). Logistics regression analysis showed that moderately preterm infants, non-1st birth, males, lower hemoglobin value before discharge, no iron supplementation, and exclusive breastfeeding at the time of testing were risk factors for ID (OR= 1.825, 1.540, 2.098, 0.974, 1.567, and 6.605, all P < 0.05). Conclusions: Targeted iron supplementation education should be performed for male, non first birth preterm infants with exclusive breastfeeding after discharge and moderately preterm infants.
目的:探讨小于胎龄儿(small for gestational age, SGA)(校正) 6~24月龄神经心理发育轨迹。方法:收集2018年4月至2023年12月在深圳市宝安区妇幼保健院高危儿随访门诊定期随访的1351例(校正) 6~24月龄SGA儿童随访期间资料,采用《中国0~6岁儿童神经心理行为检查量表(2016版)》评估神经心理发育水平,根据出生胎龄将SGA分为足月儿组、低危早产儿组和高危早产儿组,调查不同胎龄SGA儿童发育商(developmental quotient, DQ)水平并绘制神经发育曲线。结果:各胎龄组SGA的大运动DQ均随月龄增加而上升(P均0.05),精细运动能区DQ一直处于临界偏低状态。在(校正) 6~17月龄,SGA总DQ随着胎龄下降而降低(P均0.05),而高危早产SGA的总DQ和大运动、精细运动、适应能力DQ均落后于足月SGA (P均Objective: To investigate the neuropsychological developmental trajectory of small for gestational age (SGA) infants during (corrected) 6~24 months of age. Methods: Data were collected during the follow-up period of 1351 cases (corrected) of SGA infants aged 6~24 months who were regularly followed up at the high-risk infant follow-up clinic of Shenzhen Baoan Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China, from April 2018 to December 2023. Neuropsychological Behavioral Examination Scale for Children 0~6 Years of Age (2016 version) was used to assess the level of neuropsychological development. SGA infants were categorized into full-term, low-risk preterm and high-risk preterm groups according to birth gestational age. The developmental quotient (DQ) levels of SGA infants of different gestational ages were investigated and neurodevelopmental curves were drawn. Results: With the increase of age, DQ values of gross motor in all gestational age groups increased (P 0.05) except for gross motor skills, with the fine motor domain DQ persistently remaining at borderline-low levels. The values of total DQ decreased with the decrease of gestational age during (corrected) 6~17 months of
