肺炎支原体(Mycoplasma pneumoniae, MP)是社区获得性肺炎(Community-acquired pneumonia, CAP)的常见病原体之一,常引起全球范围内感染,每4~7年可爆发地区流行。重症MP感染有生命危险,并且部分可遗留闭塞性支气管炎等后遗症。由于MP缺乏细胞壁,不同国家常将大环内酯类抗菌药物作为首选治疗肺炎支原体肺炎(Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia, MPP)的药物。但自2000年以来,大环内酯类耐药肺炎支原体肺炎(Macrolide-resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae, MRMP)在全球不同国家和地区的耐药率逐年上升,尤其是东亚地区,这对儿童健康带来极大威胁,对公共卫生健康带来极大挑战。Mycoplasma pneumoniae is one of the common pathogens of community-acquired pneumonia, which often causes worldwide infection, and can be prevalent in areas every 4~7 years. Severe MP infection is life-threatening, and some may leave sequelae such as bronchitis obliterans. Due to the lack of cell wall in MP, macrolide antibacterial drugs are often used as the first choice for the treatment of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in different countries. However, since 2000, the drug resistance rate of macrolide-resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia has increased year by year in different countries and regions around the world, especially in East Asia, which poses a great threat to children’s health and a great challenge to public health.
