根据日本人的语言习惯,发现日语主语经常被省略,尤其是第一人称与第二人称代词,展现出一种使用上的不稳定性。文章以第一、第二人称代词为中心,深入探讨导致日语人称代词使用不稳定现象的原因。通过对民族文化特性、日语的语言特征、社会心理以及思维方式三个维度的分析,揭示出日语的第一、第二人称代词随着历史变迁发生了变化,其种类也有鲜明的历史印记。无论是在书面表述还是口语对话中,日本人都很少使用人称代词。According to the language habits of Japanese people, it has been found that Japanese subjects are often omitted, especially first person and second person pronouns, which exhibit a kind of instability in usage. This article focuses on first and second person pronouns and explores in depth the reasons for the unstable use of personal pronouns. Through the analysis of three dimensions: national cultural characteristics, language features of Japanese, social psychology, and thinking patterns, it is revealed that the first and second person pronouns of Japanese have undergone changes with historical changes, and their types also have distinct historical imprints. Japanese people rarely use personal pronouns in written expressions or communication conversations.
本文以影视片名的跨文化翻译为研究对象,通过功能对等理论与目的论,浅析新媒体时代下影视翻译在文化传播中的作用。通过分析藏汉影视片名的翻译案例,提出了词汇构建的五大原则:语义透明性、精准性、简洁性、生动性及礼貌性,并且强调文化适应性在翻译中的关键作用。最后总结出音译、直译、意译、增译与减译等策略的优势与劣势,音译虽保留文化的异质性但容易导致语义模糊,使得观众理解出现偏误;直译形式忠实却会造成文化误解;意译增强可读性却可能弱化原片所要体现的特征;增译与减译需平衡信息完整性与简洁性。研究表明,影视片名翻译需在“形式忠实”与“文化适应”间寻求动态平衡,通过副标题、文化脚注等辅助手段弥补跨文化差异,最终实现“各美其美,美美与共”的目标。本文为影视翻译实践提供了理论参考,并呼吁译者重视文化本真与受众接受的双向协调。This article takes the cross-cultural translation of film and television titles as the research object, and analyzes the role of film and television translation in cultural dissemination in the new media era through the theory of functional equivalence and teleology. By analyzing translation cases of Tibetan Chinese film and television titles, five principles for vocabulary construction are proposed: semantic transparency, precision, conciseness, vividness, and politeness, emphasizing the key role of cultural adaptability in translation. Finally, the advantages and disadvantages of strategies such as transliteration, literal translation, free translation, addition and subtraction of translation are summarized. Although transliteration preserves cultural heterogeneity, it can easily lead to semantic ambiguity, resulting in misunderstandings for the audience;Literal translation may be faithful but can lead to cultural misunderstandings;Free translation enhances readability but may weaken the features
