背景:针刺作为2型糖尿病(Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, T2DM)的辅助疗法日益受到关注,但现有系统综述(Systematic Reviews, SRs)在方法和结论上存在异质性,限制了其临床应用。目的:评估针刺治疗T2DM的SRs方法学质量和偏倚风险,综合其疗效和安全性证据,并提出未来研究建议。方法:系统检索中英文数据库,使用AMSTAR-2、ROBIS和GRADE工具评估方法学质量、偏倚风险和证据质量。结果:纳入8项SRs,方法学质量普遍较低,偏倚风险较高。针刺在改善空腹血糖(Fasting Plasma Glucose, FPG)、餐后2小时血糖(Hemoglobin A1c, 2hPG)和脂质代谢方面显示出潜力,但证据质量较低。结论:现有证据表明针刺对T2DM有潜在益处,但需更高质量的研究验证其疗效和安全性。Background: Acupuncture as an adjunctive therapy for T2DM has garnered increasing attention, but existing SRs exhibit heterogeneity in methodology and conclusions, limiting its clinical application. Objective: To evaluate the methodological quality and risk of bias in SRs on acupuncture for T2DM, synthesize evidence on its efficacy and safety, and provide recommendations for future research. Methods: Systematic searches were conducted in Chinese and English databases. The AMSTAR-2, ROBIS, and GRADE tools were used to assess methodological quality, risk of bias, and evidence quality. Results: Eight SRs were included, most of which demonstrated low methodological quality and a high risk of bias. Acupuncture showed potential in improving FPG, 2hPG, and lipid metabolism, but the quality of evidence was low. Conclusion: Current evidence suggests potential benefits of acupuncture for T2DM, but higher-quality studies are needed to validate its efficacy and safety.
