胶体量子点由于其具有独特的量子效应,易于在多种衬底上沉积成为新一代红外探测的理想材料,被广泛应用于红外激光器、光通信、生物成像、夜视和遥感等领域。如何开发高工作效率的红外量子点器件是目前研究的热点。在本项工作中,综述了胶体量子点的制备方法、成核理论和器件制作方法,并且从量子点配体交换,改变量子点的表面配体影响其能带位置,从器件的能带结构入手提出选择合适配体构建能带结构,达到提升红外胶体量子点器件工作性能的目的,为红外胶体量子点的应用和器件设计具有重要的意义。Because of its unique quantum effect, colloidal quantum dots are easy to be deposited on a variety of substrates and become an ideal material for a new generation of infrared detection, which is widely used in infrared lasers, optical communication, biological imaging, night vision and remote sensing. How to develop infrared quantum dot devices with high working efficiency is the focus of current research. In this work, the preparation methods, nucleation theory and device fabrication methods of colloidal quantum dots are reviewed, and the energy band position is affected by the change of the surface ligands of the quantum dots through the ligand exchange of quantum dots, and the energy band structure of the device is proposed to select suitable ligands to construct the energy band structure, so as to improve the working performance of the infrared colloidal quantum dot device. It is of great significance for the application and device design of infrared colloidal quantum dots.
