目前由于越来越多的人类活动或气候的变化使海洋生态系统发生了很大的变化,在全球的许多海湾和海区出现胶质浮游动物(Gelatinous zooplankton)水母数量增加甚至暴发的事件(Jellyfish and ctenophore bloom),使得部分能量传递从原来的鱼类到了水母类.我国近海也出现了类似现象,并有逐年加重的趋势.基于此,水母生态学的相关研究已成为全球海洋浮游生态学的研究热点之一.文中分别从导致水母暴发的可能性原因、水母暴发后对人类和海洋生态系统的影响等方面对国内外的有关水母生态学的研究现状做一回顾和总结,并提出今后我国水母类生态学的发展方向.
Two field studies were conducted to measure pigments in the Southern Yellow Sea (SYS) and the northern East China Sea (NECS) in April (spring) and September (autumn) to evaluate the distribution pattern of phytoplankton stock (Chl a concentration) and the impact of hydrological features such as water mass,mixing and tidal front on these patterns.The results indicated that the Chl a concentration was 2.43±2.64 (Mean ± SD) mg m-3 in April (range,0.35 to 17.02 mg m-3) and 1.75±3.10 mg m-3 in September (from 0.07 to 36.54 mg m-3) in 2003.Additionally,four areas with higher Chl a concentrations were observed in the surface water in April,while two were observed in September,and these areas were located within or near the point at which different water masses converged (temperature front area).The distribution pattern of Chl a was generally consistent between onshore and offshore stations at different depths in April and September.Specifically,higher Chl a concentrations were observed along the coastal line in September,which consisted of a mixing area and a tidal front area,although the distributional pattern of Chl a concentrations varied along transects in April.The maximum Chl a concentration at each station was observed in the surface and subsurface layer (0-10 m) for onshore stations and the thermocline layer (10-30 m) for offshore stations in September,while the greatest concentrations were generally observed in surface and subsurface water (0-10 m) in April.The formation of the Chl a distributional pattern in the SYS and NECS and its relationship with possible influencing factors is also discussed.Although physical forces had a close relationship with Chl a distribution,more data are required to clearly and comprehensively elucidate the spatial pattern dynamics of Chl a in the SYS and NECS.
